There are several different types of solar-powered pumps depending on how they have been classified. But primarily there are four types of solar water pumps--submersible pumps and surface pumps, direct current (DC) pumps and alternate current (AC) pumps.

Submersible pumps: As the name suggests, a submersible pump is located deep below the ground level and remains submerged underwater. The suction head of the submersible pump is beyond a depth of 10 meters. The installation of these pumps is done by digging a borewell, which leads to an increase in its installation and maintenance cost.

Surface pumps: The surface pumps remain out of the water and in the open. They are installed where the water table is within a depth of 10 meters. As they need to be on the surface, these pumps are easier to install and maintain. They are, however, not apt for the deep water table.

DC pump: This pump runs on a motor which operates on direct current, therefore no battery or inverter is needed in this type of pump.

AC pump: The motor of this pump operates on alternating current, which means the direct current produced by the solar panels gets converted to AC using the inverter. The conversion from DC to AC leads to loss of power from generation and consumption.

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