The nature of water source and water output are important basis for solar water pump system construction and investment. Solar pumps used by different water sources are quite different. Generally, submersible pumps are used in deep water sources. If there is a large amount of sediment in the water, a sewage pump is used. When there are good water inlet conditions, single-stage and multi-stage centrifugal pumps are often used.

One of the most important conditions when determining water sources is that the water sources cannot dry out during the dry season. Generally, the water level of the pond is relatively small, but the minimum water level and water depth in the drought need to be determined. For deep wells, it is necessary to determine the well depth, well diameter, water level, dynamic water level and water output. For rivers, the minimum water level in the dry season, the water depth and the maximum water level in the flood season need to be determined.

The solar array is the power core of the entire solar water pump system. The selection and configuration of solar modules are the main factors determining the cost performance of solar water pump systems. According to the solar cell's light intensity temperature characteristics and life cycle performance evolution characteristics, the general photovoltaic module capacity is 1.3 to 1.6 times larger than the power required by the pump motor, which is a reasonable configuration. The specific size needs to be determined according to the head and pump selection. The photovoltaic square array needs to be installed in a place with stable foundation and excellent sunlight.

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