Solar panels are divided into single crystal, polycrystalline and amorphous silicon. Most solar panels now use single crystals and polycrystalline materials.

1. The distinction between single crystal plate material and polycrystalline plate material

Polycrystalline silicon and single crystal silicon are two different substances. Polysilicon is a chemical term commonly known as glass, and high-purity polysilicon material is high-purity glass. Monocrystalline silicon is the raw material for making solar photovoltaic cells, and it is also the material for making semiconductor chips. Due to the scarcity of raw materials for the production of monocrystalline silicon and the complicated production process, the output is low and the price is expensive.

The difference between single crystal silicon and polycrystalline silicon lies in their atomic structure arrangement. Single crystals are ordered and polycrystals are disordered. This is mainly determined by their processing technology. Polycrystalline and polycrystalline are produced by pouring method, which is to directly pour the silicon material into the pot to melt and shape. The single crystal adopts the Siemens method to improve the Czochralski, and the Czochralski process is a process of reorganizing the atomic structure. To our naked eyes, the surface of monocrystalline silicon looks the same. The surface of polysilicon looks as if there are a lot of broken glass inside, sparkling.

Monocrystalline solar panel: no pattern, dark blue, nearly black after packaging.

Polycrystalline solar panel: There are patterns, there are polycrystalline colorful and polycrystalline less colorful, light blue.

Amorphous solar panels: most of them are glass, brown and brown.

2, the characteristics of single crystal plate material

Monocrystalline silicon solar panels are a type of solar cell that is currently being developed quickly. Its composition and production process have been finalized. Products have been widely used in space and ground facilities. This kind of solar cell uses high-purity single crystal silicon rod as raw material, and the purity requirement is 99.999%. The photoelectric conversion efficiency of monocrystalline silicon solar cells is about 15%, and the high reaches 24%. This is the highest photoelectric conversion efficiency among the current types of solar cells. However, the production cost is so great that it cannot be used in a large and widespread manner. Since monocrystalline silicon is generally encapsulated with tempered glass and waterproof resin, it is rugged and durable, with a service life of up to 15 years and up to 25 years.

3. Characteristics of polycrystalline board materials

The manufacturing process of polycrystalline silicon solar panels is similar to that of polycrystalline silicon solar panels. However, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of polycrystalline silicon solar cells is much lower. Its photoelectric conversion efficiency is about 12%. In terms of production cost, it is lower than that of monocrystalline silicon solar cells. The material is simple to manufacture, saves power consumption, and the total production cost is low, so it has been extensively developed. In addition, the service life of polycrystalline silicon solar cells is shorter than that of monocrystalline silicon solar cells. In terms of cost performance, monocrystalline silicon solar cells are slightly better.

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